Temperature Control of an Electric Furnace with Intuitive Control Methods
Abstract
In our daily life, electric furnaces are frequently used both in our homes and in industry. In electric furnaces, resistance heaters are placed on the upper and lower sides and temperature control is realized by on-off control method. Nevertheless, this method is unstable for applications where highly sensitive thermal control is required. Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control stands out in precision heat treatment with its simplicity and stability. In this study, On-Off, Proportional, Proportional-Integral, and PID control methods were applied to the electric furnace at a reference temperature of 125 °C. The system model and parameters were determined by using the Ziegler-Nichols method. Also, by using the zero-crossing detection technique, the trigger signal and the network frequency were synchronized and the possible noise in the system was minimized. From the test results obtained; the stability and superiority of these control methods were compared. There is permanent error in P control. Thanks to the I component, permanent error in PI and PID control is eliminated. In addition, the best system response was achieved with PID control.
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URN: https://sloi.org/urn:sl:tjoee51147
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