Cover Image

Transforming scrap inner tube rubber into a triboelectric energy harvester

Galip Yılmaz

Abstract


In today's world, the issues of energy shortages, global warming, and pollution caused by reliance on fossil fuels necessitate a swift shift to cleaner energy sources. Triboelectric nano generators (TENGs) present a good remedy for transforming mechanical energy into electricity. This research centres on transforming cast-off inner tube rubber into a TENG that can collect energy from human motion. In this study, surface roughness was improved by sanding, and cost-effective, easily producible TENGs were created using readily available materials such as room-temperature-vulcanizing silicone (RTV silicone). Key findings reveal that inner tube rubber can successfully be upcycled into high-performing TENGs, with sample S2 being particularly noteworthy for generating over 6 Volts and powering four light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Various resistance experiments highlighted the robust energy production potential of these TENGs. Real-world testing of a sports shoe has revealed that the S2 sample can generate more than 15 V, demonstrating the viability of repurposing waste materials for effective energy harvesting.


Full Text:

PDF

References


S. Chu, Y. Cui, and N. Liu, ‘The path towards sustainable energy,’ Nature Materials, 16(1), pp. 16-22, 2016.

S. Chu and A. Majumdar, ‘Opportunities and challenges for a sustainable energy future,’ Nature, 488(7411), pp. 294-303, 2012.

N. G. Park, M. Grätzel, T. Miyasaka, K. Zhu, and K. Emery, ‘Towards stable and commercially available perovskite solar cells,’ Nature Energy, 1(11), pp. 1-8, 2016.

M. E. Karahallı, H. Asav, T. Özden, and B. Arıkan, ‘Layout optimization for shingled solar cells,’ Turkish Journal of Electromechanics and Energy, 7(3), pp. 100–104, 2022.

B. Gülmez, R. Köse, and O. O. Yolcan, ‘Important parameters in solar power plant installation and Analytical Hierarchy Process,’ Turkish Journal of Electromechanics and Energy, 6(1), pp. 18–24, 2021.

D. A. King, ‘Climate Change Science: Adapt, Mitigate, or Ignore?,’ Science, 303(5655), pp. 176-177, 2004.

T. Ackermann and L. Söder, ‘Wind energy technology and current status: a review,’ Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 4(4), pp. 315-374, 2000.

Y. M. Wei et al., ‘Self-preservation strategy for approaching global warming targets in the post-Paris Agreement era,’ Nat Commun, 11(1), pp. 1624-1625, 2020.

C. Le Quéré et al., ‘Fossil CO2 emissions in the post-COVID-19 era,’ Nat Clim Chang, 11(3), pp.197-199, 2021.

W. Xu et al., ‘A droplet-based electricity generator with high instantaneous power density’, Nature, vol. 578(7795), pp. 302-396, 2020.

H. Wu, N. Mendel, D. Van Den Ende, G. Zhou, and F. Mugele, ‘Energy Harvesting from Drops Impacting onto Charged Surfaces,’ Phys Rev Lett, 125(7), pp.078301, 2020.

A. Chortos and Z. Bao, ‘Skin-inspired electronic devices,’ Materials Today, 17(7), pp.321-331, 2014.

Y. Yang et al., ‘Triboelectric nanogenerator for harvesting wind energy and as self-powered wind vector sensor system,’ ACS Nano, 7(10), pp. 9461-9468, 2013.

L. Chen et al., ‘Stretchable negative Poisson’s ratio yarn for triboelectric nanogenerator for environmental energy harvesting and self-powered sensor,’ Energy Environ Sci, 14(2), pp. 955-964, 2021.

Z. Lin et al., ‘Triboelectric Nanogenerator Enabled Body Sensor Network for Self-Powered Human Heart-Rate Monitoring,’ ACS Nano, 11(9), pp.8830-8837, 2017.

H. Wu and Y. Cui, ‘Designing nanostructured Si anodes for high energy lithium-ion batteries,’ Nano Today, 7(5), pp. 414-429, 2012.

J. Lee, A. Urban, X. Li, D. Su, G. Hautier, and G. Ceder, ‘Unlocking the potential of cation-disordered oxides for rechargeable lithium batteries,’ Science (1979), 343(6170), pp. 519-522, 2014.

T. B. Maden and M. E. Şahin, ‘Modeling of The PEM Type Fuel Cells,’ Turkish Journal of Materials, 4(1), pp. 1–10, 2019.

M. E. Şahin, F. Blaabjerg, and A. Sangwongwanich, ‘A review on supercapacitor materials and developments’, Turkish Journal of Materials, 5(2), pp. 10-24, 2020.

Y. Ziat, A. Benyounes, O. El Rhazouani, C. Laghlimi, and M. Hammi, ‘Single-walled carbon nanotubes for enhanced performance of Li-ion batteries,’ Turkish Journal of Materials, 3(2), pp. 61–64, 2018.

N. A. Iqteit, M. Attoun, and M. A. Sninah, ‘The future of the Hebron electrical grid with growing demand for electric cars,’ Turkish Journal of Electromechanics and Energy, 7(1), pp. 15–21, 2022.

H. Ryu et al., ‘High-Performance triboelectric nanogenerators based on solid polymer electrolytes with asymmetric pairing of ions,’ Adv. Energy Mater., 7(17), pp. 1700289, 2017.

J. Wu, X. Wang, H. Li, F. Wang, W. Yang, and Y. Hu, ‘Insights into the mechanism of metal-polymer contact electrification for triboelectric nanogenerator via first-principles investigations,’ Nano Energy, vol. 48, pp. 607-616, 2018.

J. W. Lee and W. Hwang, ‘Theoretical study of micro/nano roughness effect on water-solid triboelectrification with experimental approach’, Nano Energy, vol. 52, pp.315-322, 2018.

S. Niu and Z. L. Wang, ‘Theoretical systems of triboelectric nanogenerators’, Nano Energy, vol. 14, 2014.

S. Lee, Y. K. Park, and J. Lee, ‘Upcycling of plastic and tire waste toward use as a modifier for asphalt binder,’ Energy and Environment. pp. 09583x-23117x, 2023.

X. Zhao, B. Boruah, K. F. Chin, M. Đokić, J. M. Modak, and H. Sen Soo, ‘Upcycling to sustainably reuse plastics,’ Advanced Materials, 34(25), pp. 2100843, 2022.

L. S. T. J. Korley, T. H. Epps, B. A. Helms, and A. J. Ryan, ‘Toward polymer upcycling-adding value and tackling circularity,’ Science, 373(6550), pp. 66-69, 2021.

C. Jehanno et al., ‘Critical advances and future opportunities in upcycling commodity polymers,’ Nature, 603(7903), pp. 803-814, 2022.

G. Genc and N. Akkus, ‘Application oriented recycling and machinability of waste bio-composite materials,’ Turkish Journal of Materials, 3(2), pp. 58–60, 2018.

S. Zheng, M. Liao, Y. Chen, and M. A. Brook, ‘Dissolving used rubber tires,’ Green Chemistry, 22(1), pp. 94-102, 2020.

K. Formela and J. T. Haponiuk, ‘Curing characteristics, mechanical properties and morphology of butyl rubber filled with ground tire rubber (GTR),’ Iranian Polymer Journal, 23(3), pp. 185-194, 2014.

H. Bian et al., ‘High thermal conductivity graphene oxide/carbon nanotubes/butyl rubber composites prepared by a dry ice expansion pre-dispersion flocculation method,’ J Appl Polym Sci, 139(14), pp. 51987, 2022.

S. R. Scagliusi, E. C. L. Cardoso, and A. B. Lugão, ‘Effect of gamma radiation on the mechanical and degradation properties,’ in TMS 2015 144th Annual Meeting & Exhibition, pp. 1309-1316, Florida, 2015.




URN: https://sloi.org/urn:sl:tjoee83296



Copyright (c) 2023 Turkish Journal of Electromechanics and Energy

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Indexed in: